Gloshell
Ingredients

Ingredient Dictionary

1-NAPHTHOL

1-naphthol is a naphthol carrying a hydroxy group at position 1.

Molecular structure

Definition

1-naphthol is a naphthol carrying a hydroxy group at position 1. It has a role as a genotoxin and a human xenobiotic metabolite.

Source: PubChem

US FDA substance register · UNII 2A71EAQ389 · registered name 1-Naphthol · single chemical substance

Source: US FDA Unique Ingredient Identifier (UNII)

Cosmetic roles

Dyes hairHAIR DYEING

Safety & regulatory references

Banned
South Korea
Restricted or banned
South Korea · Taiwan
Restricted
Taiwan · United Kingdom

Source: MFDS (Korea) cosmetic regulatory information · ASEAN Cosmetic Directive · EU Cosmetics Regulation · Health Canada Cosmetic Ingredient Hotlist · Taiwan FDA cosmetic ingredients · Taiwan FDA cosmetic regulations · UK cosmetics regulations (OPSS)

Argentina · Brazil

  • Field of application and/or use : Oxidation dye for coloring hairs
  • Maximum concentration permitted at final product : 2%
  • Other limitations and requirements : In combination with hydrogen peroxide the maximum concentration in the product ready to use is 1%
  • Use conditions and warnings that must appear on the label : May cause allergic reaction

Canada

  • Conditions of Use by product type : (a) In Hair dyes as an oxidizing colouring agent (b) In combination with hydrogen peroxide
  • Maximum Concentration Permitted : (a) 2% (b) 1%

ASEAN

  • Field of application and/or use : Hair dye substance in oxidative hair dye products Use for dyeing eyelashes and eyebrows is not permitted.
  • Other limitations and requirements : After mixing under oxidative conditions the maximum concentration applied to hair must not exceed 2.0%. The direction for use “wear suitable gloves” must be included in label or leaflet text.
  • Conditions of use and warning which must be printed on the labels : The mixing ratio must be printed on the label. Hair colorants can cause severe allergic reactions. Read and follow instructions. This product is not intended for use on persons under the age of 16. Temporary “black henna” tattoos may increase your risk of allergy. Do not colour your hair if: • you have a rash on your face or sensitive, irritated and damaged scalp, • you have ever experienced any reaction after colouring your hair, • you have experienced a reaction to a temporary “black henna” tattoo in the past

China

  • Maximum concentration : 1%

European Union

  • Product Type, body parts : Hair dye substance in oxidative hair dye products
  • Other : After mixing under oxidative conditions the maximum concentration applied to hair must not exceed 1 % calculated as free base
  • Wording of conditions of use and warnings : Hair colourants can cause severe allergic reactions. Read and follow instructions. This product is not intended for use on persons under the age of 16. Temporary ‘black henna’ tattoos may increase your risk of allergy. Do not colour your hair if: — you have a rash on your face or sensitive, irritated and damaged scalp, — you have ever experienced any reaction after colouring your hair, — you have experienced a reaction to a temporary ‘black henna’ tattoo in the past

European Union

  • Product Type, body parts : Hair dye substance in oxidative hair dye products
  • Other : After mixing under oxidative conditions the maximum concentration applied to hair must not exceed 2,0%
  • Wording of conditions of use and warnings : To be printed on the label: Hair colorants can cause severe allergic reactions.

Source: MFDS (Korea) cosmetic regulatory information

Not classified under Korea’s toxic-substance GHS list · existing chemical substance

Source: Korea toxic substances GHS register (NIER)

EU Cosmetics Regulation, Annex III (restricted substances), entry 16 · applies to Hair dye substance in oxidative hair dye products

Source: EU restricted substances (Annex III)

Restriction III/16 · Other restriction: ban substances that deplete the ozone layer

Source: EU CosIng ingredient list

Reviewed by CIR: Annual Review of Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Assessments: 2007-2010

Source: US Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR)

Reviewed by CIR: Final Report on the Safety Assessment of 1-Naphthol

Source: US Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR)

More data — names, identifiers, properties, test records, literature

Names & identifiers

1-NAPHTHOLINCI1-나프톨Korean label name (MFDS standard)1-NaphthalenolSynonym1- NAPHTHALENOLSynonym1-NAPHTHOL, AND ITS SALTSSynonym
CAS No.chemical registry number
90-15-3
EC No.EU chemical inventory number
201-969-4
DTXSIDUS EPA chemical ID
DTXSID6021793
DTXCIDUS EPA compound ID
DTXCID401793
IUPAC
Naphthalen-1-ol
Molecular formula
C10H8O
Molecular weight
144.173 g/mol

Measured properties

Appearance
Large Crystals · Colorless or yellow solid, [Hawley] Darkens on exposure to light, [Merck Index] Colorless crystalline solid, [MSDSonline]
Odour
Phenolic odor
Boiling point
288 °C · 279.00 to 280.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Melting point
96 °C · 94.00 to 95.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Solubility
In water, 866 mg/L at 25 °C · Very soluble in ethanol and ether, soluble in acetone
Density
1.0954 at 98.7 °C/4 °C · 1.0989 @ 99°C
Stability
Water stability: stable at pH < or =6.5, increased transformation with increased pH. /from table/ · Darkens on exposure to air or light.
Dissociation constant
pKa = 9.34 at 25 °C
Melting/freezing point
96 ℃
Initial boiling point and range
288 ℃
Flash point
125 ℃
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits
5.0 / 0.8 %
Vapour pressure
1.7 ㎜Hg (110℃)
Water solubility
866 ㎎/ℓ (25℃)
Relative density
1.0954 (98.7℃/ 4℃)
n-Octanol/water partition coefficient (Kow)
2.85
Auto-ignition temperature
510 ℃
Molecular weight
144.17

Values measured on the substance itself. The KOSHA data are a reference for writing and reviewing safety data sheets, not a specification for a commercial raw material.

Source: PubChem · KOSHA safety data sheets (Korea)

What products actually use it for

What the 8 products reported to the US EPA with this ingredient use it for. Products outside cosmetics are included, so the top few rows are its main uses.

  • Degradant/impurity (EPA)3
  • Dye3
  • Intermediate2

Source: US EPA CompTox dashboard

Irritation and sensitisation studies

8 skin studies and 6 eye studies are on record.

Classed as moderate1

The study conclusions largely agree (100%). These tests are on the raw material itself; irritation at the amount in a finished product is a different question.

See all 14 studies
  • High Frequency of Sensitization
    skin sensitisation: in vivo (LLNA) · Screening · according to OECD Guideline 429 (Skin Sensitisation: Local Lymph Node Assay)
  • Skin irritation - category 2
    Skin Irritation · Screening
  • Category 1
    Skin Irritation · Screening
  • Category 6.3A (Category 2)
    Skin Irritation · Read Across
  • Skin corrosion/irritation - Category 2
    Skin Irritation · Screening
  • Classification not possible
    Skin Sensitization · Screening
  • Skin sensitisation - category 1
    Skin Sensitization · Screening
  • Skin Irrit. 2
    Skin Irritation · Authoritative
  • Eye Dam. 1
    Eye Irritation · Authoritative
  • Eye damage - category 1
    Eye Irritation · Screening
  • Corrosive or Irritation Persists for &gt; 21 days
    eye irritation: in vitro / ex vivo · Screening · other guideline: OECD Guideline 438 (Isolated Chicken Eye Test Method for Identifying i) Chemicals Inducing Serious Eye Damage and ii) Chemicals Not Requiring Classification for Eye Irritation or Serious Eye Damage) according to
  • Category 1
    Eye Irritation · Screening
  • Category 8.3A (Category 1)
    Eye Irritation · Read Across
  • Serious eye damage/eye irritation - Category 1
    Eye Irritation · Screening

Source: US EPA CompTox dashboard

Related literature

Linked databases 29