2-nitro-p-phenylenediamine is a primary amino compound that is p-phenylenediamine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the benzene ring is replaced by a nitro group.
Definition
2-nitro-p-phenylenediamine is a primary amino compound that is p-phenylenediamine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the benzene ring is replaced by a nitro group. It is a cosmetic hair dye intermediate that is used in permanent hair colouring products (diluted 1:1 with an oxidising agent prior to application). It is a C-nitro compound and a primary amino compound. It is functionally related to a 1,4-phenylenediamine.
Source: PubChem
US FDA substance register · UNII PV83F3C01Q · registered name 2-NITRO-P-PHENYLENEDIAMINE · single chemical substance
Cosmetic roles
Safety & regulatory references
- Banned
- Argentina · ASEAN · Brazil · Canada · China · European Union · South Korea · Taiwan · United Kingdom
Source: ASEAN Cosmetic Directive · EU Cosmetics Regulation · MFDS (Korea) cosmetic regulatory information · Taiwan FDA cosmetic ingredients · UK cosmetics regulations (OPSS)
Not classified under Korea’s toxic-substance GHS list · existing chemical substance
Restriction II/1319
Source: EU CosIng ingredient list
Reviewed by CIR: Annual Review of Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Assessments - 2004/2005
Reviewed by CIR: Final Report on the Safety Assessment of 2-Nitro-p-Phenylenediamine and 4-Nitro-o-Phenylenediamine
Reviewed by CIR: Final Report: Amended Safety Assessment of 2-Nitro-p-Phenylenediamine as used in Cosmetics
More data — names, identifiers, properties, test records, literature
Official labels & definitions
JCIA labelling name ２－ニトロ－ｐ－フェニレンジアミン: 本品は、次の化学式で表される芳香族アミン誘導体である。
Source: JCIA labelling names (Japan)
Names & identifiers
- CAS No.chemical registry number
- 5307-14-2
- EC No.EU chemical inventory number
- 226-164-5
- DTXSIDUS EPA chemical ID
- DTXSID4020957
- DTXCIDUS EPA compound ID
- DTXCID00957
- IUPAC
- 2-Nitrobenzene-1,4-diamine
- Molecular formula
- C6H7N3O2
- Molecular weight
- 153.141 g/mol
Measured properties
- Appearance
- Almost black needles with dark-green luster or black powder. (NTP, 1992) · Almost black needles with dark-green luster or black powder, [CAMEO]
- Melting point
- 279 °F (NTP, 1992) · 140 °C
- Solubility
- less than 1 mg/mL at 72 °F (NTP, 1992) · Slightly sol in water (0.18% w/w), ethanol, polar organic compounds and benzene, soluble in acetone and diethyl ether
- Melting/freezing point
- 137~140 ℃
- Initial boiling point and range
- 326.23 ℃
- Flash point
- 186.9 ℃
- Vapour pressure
- 0.0000560 ㎜Hg
- n-Octanol/water partition coefficient (Kow)
- 0.53
- Molecular weight
- 153.14
Values measured on the substance itself. The KOSHA data are a reference for writing and reviewing safety data sheets, not a specification for a commercial raw material.
Source: PubChem · KOSHA safety data sheets (Korea)
What products actually use it for
What the 1 products reported to the US EPA with this ingredient use it for. Products outside cosmetics are included, so the top few rows are its main uses.
- Dye1
Source: US EPA CompTox dashboard
Irritation and sensitisation studies
7 skin studies and 2 eye studies are on record.
The study conclusions largely agree (60%). These tests are on the raw material itself; irritation at the amount in a finished product is a different question.
See all 9 studies
- Sh
Skin Sensitization · Authoritative - High Frequency of Sensitization
skin sensitisation: in vivo (non-LLNA) · Screening · according to other guideline: as below - SkinSens1
Skin Sensitization · QSAR Predicted - Category 6.5B (Category 1)
Skin Sensitization · Read Across - Studies Indicate No Significant Irritation
skin irritation: in vivo · Screening · other guideline: according to - Studies Indicate No Significant Irritation
skin irritation: in vivo · Screening · other guideline: as below according to - High Frequency of Sensitization
skin sensitisation: in vivo (LLNA) · Screening · according to other guideline: as below - Studies Indicate No Significant Irritation
eye irritation: in vivo · Screening · other guideline: as below according to - Studies Indicate No Significant Irritation
eye irritation: in vivo · Screening · other guideline: according to
Source: US EPA CompTox dashboard
Related literature
- Contact Allergens in “PPD-Free” Hair Dyes · 2025
- Seeing Double: Allergic Contact Dermatitis to para-Amino Compounds · 2018
- Evaluation of skin irritation and sensitization of hair dye components, Resorcinol, 2-Amino-5-Nitrophenol 2-Nitro-p-Phenylenediamine and p-phenlyenediamine, and comparison between two commercial hair dye products using 3-Dimensional Reconstructed Human Epidermis Model, Keraskin · 2016
- Percutaneous penetration and metabolism of 2-nitro-p-phenylenediamine in human and fuzzy rat skin. · 2000
- 5 Final Report on the Safety Assessment of 2-Nitro-p-Phenylenediamine and 4-Nitro-o-Phenylenediamine · 1985
Linked databases 26
- ASEAN Cosmetic Directive
- Australian Industrial Chemicals Inventory (AICIS)
- ChEBI
- ChEMBL
- China inventory of existing ingredients (IECIC)
- EU CosIng ingredient list 2
- EU Cosmetics Regulation
- IARC carcinogen classification
- JCIA labelling names (Japan)
- Korea toxic substances GHS register (NIER)
- KOSHA safety data sheets (Korea)
- MFDS (Korea) cosmetic ingredient register 2
- MFDS (Korea) cosmetic regulatory information 2 3
- NIST Chemistry WebBook
- PubChem 2
- Taiwan FDA cosmetic ingredients
- Tlooto literature search 2 3 4 5
- UK cosmetics regulations (OPSS)
- UniChem cross-reference IDs
- US Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) 2 3 4
- US EPA CompTox dashboard 2
- US EPA DSSTox chemical database
- US FDA substance registration (GSRS)
- US FDA Unique Ingredient Identifier (UNII)
- US National Toxicology Program reports
- Wikidata