What is this ingredient?

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All ingredients

Ingredient Dictionary

ALUMINUM HYDROXIDE

How much products actually contain

No product states its amount yet.

Of the products containing it, 784 list it before the 1% line and 511 after it (usually 1% or less).

Products using this ingredient

12 of 1,240 confirmed · likeliest to carry enough first · See all 1,240

Cosmetic roles

Draws in and holds moistureHUMECTANTMakes a clear formula opaqueOPACIFYINGProtects skin from outside irritantsSKIN PROTECTINGAdjusts thicknessVISCOSITY CONTROLLINGMakes skin soft and smoothSKIN CONDITIONING - EMOLLIENT

Safety & regulatory references

Allowed colourant: United States

Source: US FDA prohibited and restricted ingredients

Not classified under Korea’s toxic-substance GHS list · existing chemical substance

Source: Korea toxic substances GHS register (NIER)

Other restriction: ban substances that deplete the ozone layer

Source: EU CosIng ingredient list

Reviewed by CIR: Safety Assessment of Alumina and Aluminum Hydroxide as Used in Cosmetics

Source: US Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR)

More data — names, identifiers, properties, test records, literature

Official labels & definitions

JCIA labelling name 水酸化Ａｌ: 本品は、アルミニウム（Ａｌ（＊））の水酸化物であり、次の化学式で表される。

Source: JCIA labelling names (Japan)

Names & identifiers

ALUMINUM HYDROXIDEINCI알루미늄하이드록사이드Korean label name (MFDS standard)Aluminium hydroxide (Al(OH)3)Synonym水酸化ＡｌJapanese labelling name

CAS No.chemical registry number: 1333-84-2
CAS No.chemical registry number: 21645-51-2
EC No.EU chemical inventory number: 244-492-7
DTXSIDUS EPA chemical ID: DTXSID2036405
DTXCIDUS EPA compound ID: DTXCID0016405

IUPAC: Aluminium trihydroxide
Molecular formula: AlH3O3
Molecular weight: 78.003 g/mol

Measured properties

Appearance: White solid in various forms, [ICSC] White odorless granules, Slightly soluble in water, [MSDSonline] · ODOURLESS WHITE SOLID IN VARIOUS FORMS.
Melting point: 300 °C
Solubility: Insoluble in water, soluble in alkaline solutions, acid solutions · Practically insoluble in water, but soluble in alkaline aqueous solutions or in HCl, H2SO4 and other strong acids in the presence of some water.
Density: 2.42 g/cu cm · White, gelatinous precipitate. Constants variable with the composition, density approximately 2.4. Insoluble in water and alcohol, soluble in acid and alkali. /Aluminum hydroxide gel/
Stability: Forms gels on prolonged contact with water, absorbs acids, carbon dioxide. · Less sensitive than trialkylaminums to oxidation upon exposure to air. /Alkylaluminum halides/
Dissociation constant: Aluminum hydroxide is capable of reacting as either an acid or a base
Colour: white
Odour: odourless
pH: 8~9
Melting/freezing point: 200 ℃
Initial boiling point and range: &amp, gt, 2900 ℃
Flammability (solid, gas): not flammable
Vapour pressure: (at 20℃)
Vapour density: 2.42
Relative density: 2.4 ()
Decomposition temperature: 200 ℃
Molecular weight: 78.004

Values measured on the substance itself. The KOSHA data are a reference for writing and reviewing safety data sheets, not a specification for a commercial raw material.

Source: PubChem · KOSHA safety data sheets (Korea)

What products actually use it for

What the 389 products reported to the US EPA with this ingredient use it for. Products outside cosmetics are included, so the top few rows are its main uses.

Flame retardant108
Filler91
Processing aids not otherwise specified60
No specific technical function30
Degradant/impurity (EPA)22
Pigment21
Binder6
Dye6

24 other uses

Humectant5
Opacifer4
Surface modifier3
Viscosity modifier3
Softener and conditioner3
Catalyst3
Conductive agent3
Intermediate2
Diluent2
Flocculating agent2
Propellants, non-motive (blowing agents)2
Plating agent1
Insulators1
Flux agent1
Solids separation (precipitating) agent, not other1
Chemical reaction regulator1
Pharmaceutical (EPA)1
Anti-caking agent1
Stabilizing agent1
Absorbent1
Adsorbent1
Monomers1
Adhesion/cohesion promoter1
Solvent1

Source: US EPA CompTox dashboard

Irritation and sensitisation studies

2 skin studies and 1 eye studies are on record.

Classed as low2

The study conclusions largely agree (100%). These tests are on the raw material itself; irritation at the amount in a finished product is a different question.

See all 3 studies

Not likely to be sensitizing
skin sensitisation: in vivo (non-LLNA) · Screening · according to OECD Guideline 406 (Skin Sensitisation) according to EPA OPPTS 870.2600 (Skin Sensitisation) according to other guideline: Commission Regulation (EC) No 440/2008 of 30 May 2008; B.6
Studies Indicate No Significant Irritation
skin irritation: in vivo · Screening · OECD Guideline 404 (Acute Dermal Irritation / Corrosion) according to
Studies Indicate No Significant Irritation
eye irritation: in vivo · Screening · OECD Guideline 405 (Acute Eye Irritation / Corrosion) according to