Dihydroxyacetone is a ketotriose consisting of acetone bearing hydroxy substituents at positions 1 and 3.
How much products actually contain
No product states its amount yet.
Of the products containing it, 4 list it before the 1% line and 1 after it (usually 1% or less).
Products using this ingredient
4 of 4 confirmed · likeliest to carry enough first
Definition
Dihydroxyacetone is a ketotriose consisting of acetone bearing hydroxy substituents at positions 1 and 3. The simplest member of the class of ketoses and the parent of the class of glycerones. It has a role as a metabolite, an antifungal agent, a mouse metabolite, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite and a human metabolite. It is a primary alpha-hydroxy ketone and a ketotriose.
Source: PubChem
US FDA substance register · UNII O10DDW6JOO · registered name Dihydroxyacetone · single chemical substance
Dihydroxyacetone is the aliphatic ketone that conforms to the formula:
Cosmetic roles
Safety & regulatory references
- Restricted
- South Korea · Taiwan
Source: ASEAN Cosmetic Directive · EU Cosmetics Regulation · MFDS (Korea) cosmetic regulatory information · Taiwan FDA cosmetic regulations
ASEAN
- Field of application and/or use : (a) Hair dye substance in non- oxidative hair dye products (b) Self-tanning products Use for dyeing eyelashes and eyebrows is not permitted.
- Maximum authorised concentration in the finished cosmetic product : (a) 6.25% (b) 10%
United States
- Eye Area : No
- Generally (Includes Lipsticks) : No
- External Use : Subject to limitations
- Specific Limitations and Comments : intended solely or in part to impart a color to the human body
European Union
- Product Type, body parts : (a) Hair dye substance in non-oxidative hair dye products (*) (b) Self-tanning products (*) (*) From 26 January 2022 hair dye and self-tanning products containing that substance and not complying with the restrictions shall not be placed on the Union market. From 22 April 2022 hair dye and self-tanning products containing that substance and not complying with the restrictions shall not be made available on the Union market
- Maximum concentration in ready for use preparation : (a) 6,25 % (b) 10 %
Source: MFDS (Korea) cosmetic regulatory information
Not classified under Korea’s toxic-substance GHS list · existing chemical substance
EU Cosmetics Regulation, Annex III (restricted substances), entry 322 · maximum concentration (a) 6,25 % (b) 10 % · applies to (a) Hair dye substance in non-oxidative hair dye products (*) (b) Self-tanning products (*) (*) From 26 January 2022 hair dye and self-tanning products containing that substance and not complying with the restrictions shall not be placed on the Union market. From 22 April 2022 hair dye and self-tanning products containing that substance and not complying with the restrictions shall not be made available on the Union market
Restriction III/322 · Other restriction: ban substances that deplete the ozone layer · SCCS opinion: OPINION ON Dihydroxyacetone -DHA (1,3-Dihydroxy-2-propanone) CAS No. 96-26-4; Opinion on Dihydroxyacetone (DHA)
Source: EU CosIng ingredient list
More data — names, identifiers, properties, test records, literature
Official labels & definitions
JCIA labelling name ジヒドロキシアセトン: 本品は、次の化学式で表される脂肪族ケトンである。
Source: JCIA labelling names (Japan)
Names & identifiers
- CAS No.chemical registry number
- 96-26-4
- EC No.EU chemical inventory number
- 202-494-5
- DTXSIDUS EPA chemical ID
- DTXSID0025072
- DTXCIDUS EPA compound ID
- DTXCID701511902
- IUPAC
- 1,3-Dihydroxypropan-2-one
- Molecular formula
- C3H6O3
- Molecular weight
- 90.078 g/mol
Measured properties
- Appearance
- Liquid · Colorless hygroscopic solid, [Hawley]
- Odour
- Characteristic odor
- Melting point
- 90 °C
- Solubility
- In water, 9.3X10+5 mg/L at 25 dege C · Soluble in ethanol, ethyl ether, acetone, insoluble in ligroin
- Colour
- colourless
- Melting/freezing point
- 75~80 ℃
- Vapour pressure
- 0.0208 ㎜Hg (at 25℃)
- Water solubility
- 503000 ㎎/ℓ (at 25℃)
- n-Octanol/water partition coefficient (Kow)
- -0.71
- Molecular weight
- 90.08
Values measured on the substance itself. The KOSHA data are a reference for writing and reviewing safety data sheets, not a specification for a commercial raw material.
Source: PubChem · KOSHA safety data sheets (Korea)
What products actually use it for
What the 18 products reported to the US EPA with this ingredient use it for. Products outside cosmetics are included, so the top few rows are its main uses.
- Dye7
- Softener and conditioner4
- Fragrance2
- Tanning agents not otherwise specified2
- Reducing agent2
- Flavouring and nutrient1
Source: US EPA CompTox dashboard
Irritation and sensitisation studies
1 skin studies and 1 eye studies are on record.
The study conclusions largely agree (100%). These tests are on the raw material itself; irritation at the amount in a finished product is a different question.
See all 2 studies
- Not likely to be sensitizing
skin sensitisation: in vivo (LLNA) · Screening · according to OECD Guideline 429 (Skin Sensitisation: Local Lymph Node Assay) - Category 6.4A (Category 2A)
Eye Irritation · Read Across
Source: US EPA CompTox dashboard
Related literature
- Dihydroxyacetone: a safe camouflaging option in vitiligo · 2008
- Polyamide fabric coated with a dihydroxyacetone-loaded chitosan hydrogel for a cosmeto-textile application · 2020
- Dihydroxyacetone: An Updated Insight into an Important Bioproduct · 2018
- Modulated photoacoustic spectroscopy study of an artificial tanning on human skin induced by dihydroxyacetone · 2004
- Influence of hydration on dihydroxyacetone-induced pigmentation of stratum corneum. · 2003
Linked databases 28
- ASEAN Cosmetic Directive
- Australian Industrial Chemicals Inventory (AICIS)
- ChEBI
- ChEMBL
- China inventory of existing ingredients (IECIC)
- EU CosIng ingredient list 2
- EU Cosmetics Regulation
- EU restricted substances (Annex III)
- EU SCCS safety opinions 2
- JCIA labelling names (Japan)
- Korea Cosmetic Association ingredient dictionary
- Korea toxic substances GHS register (NIER)
- KOSHA safety data sheets (Korea)
- MFDS (Korea) cosmetic ingredient register 2
- MFDS (Korea) cosmetic regulatory information 2 3 4
- NIST Chemistry WebBook
- PubChem 2
- Taiwan FDA cosmetic regulations
- Tlooto literature search 2 3 4 5
- UniChem cross-reference IDs
- US EPA CompTox dashboard 2
- US EPA DSSTox chemical database
- US FDA color additives
- US FDA prohibited and restricted ingredients
- US FDA substance registration (GSRS)
- US FDA Unique Ingredient Identifier (UNII)
- Wikidata
- Wikipedia · Korean · English · Japanese · Chinese