Is there safety information?

민감성 피부도 비교적 안전하게 사용할 수 있습니다. Mandelic Acid is considered safe and gentle for all skin types, including sensitive and acne-prone skin. It is less irritating than many other chemical exfoliants due to its slower penetration. Nonetheless, gradual introduction and sun protection are recommended to prevent photosensitivity and irritation.

Are there usage precautions?

만델릭애씨드(만델릭애씨드)는 아몬드에서 추출된 AHA 성분으로, 각질 제거와 피부 톤 개선에 도움을 줍니다. 다른 AHA들보다 자극이 적고, 여드름 관리와 노화 방지에 효과적입니다. Mandelic Acid is an alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) derived from bitter almonds. It has a larger molecular size compared to other AHAs, such as glycolic acid, which causes it to penetrate the skin more slowly and leads to less irritation. It exfoliates by breaking down the bonds between dead skin cells on the surface, promoting their removal and accelerating skin renewal. Mandelic acid also has antibacterial properties that help reduce acne-causing bacteria, making it useful for acne-prone skin. Additionally, it supports the improvement of skin tone by fading hyperpigmentation and dark spots while stimulating collagen production for anti-aging benefits. This makes it suitable for sensitive, acne-prone, and aging skin

All ingredients

Ingredient Dictionary

MANDELIC ACID

Mandelic acid is a 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which two of the methyl hydrogens are substituted by phenyl and hydroxyl groups.

Clinical evidence

Blemishes B
Dark spots C
Oiliness C

Amount studies used: 5–10%
When: evening
Irritation: moderate — start every other day

Grades were set by reading this ingredient’s studies. They describe the ingredient, not every product that contains it.

MANDELIC ACID Molecular structure — Molecular structure

How much products actually contain

5 products state the amountmedian 0.001%0% at or above the amount studies used (5–10%)

under 0.01% 3
0.01–0.1% 1
0.1–1% 0
1% or more 1

Amounts are mostly stated by products named after the ingredient, so they may lean towards token amounts.

Of the products containing it, 47 list it before the 1% line and 34 after it (usually 1% or less).

Where no amount is stated, a product listing it early reaches the study amount about 41% of the time, one listing it late about 4%.

Clinical evidence grade by skin concern

B: one or two randomised trials
C: uncontrolled or multi-ingredient studies

2 references

Products using this ingredient

12 of 81 confirmed · likeliest to carry enough first · See all 81

Definition

Mandelic acid is a 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which two of the methyl hydrogens are substituted by phenyl and hydroxyl groups. It has a role as an antibacterial agent and a human xenobiotic metabolite. It is a member of benzenes and a 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid. It is functionally related to an acetic acid. It is a conjugate acid of a mandelate.

Source: PubChem

US FDA substance register · UNII NH496X0UJX · registered name MANDELIC ACID · single chemical substance

Source: US FDA Unique Ingredient Identifier (UNII)

Cosmetic roles

Inhibits microbial growthANTIMICROBIAL

Safety & regulatory references

Canada

Conditions of Use by product type : (a) Products for use on the skin for consumer use. Manufacturer or importer to provide pH levels. (b) Products for use on the skin for professional use: Manufacturer must provide Health Canada with evidence of safety including: 1. pH levels 2. AHA concentrations 3. Directions for use 4. Clinical studies demonstrating minimal skin irritation (c) Products intended to be diluted in bath water may contain levels of AHAs exceeding 10% (d) Other cosmetics (e) Any cosmetics
Maximum Concentration Permitted : (a) Between 3% and 18% total mono-AHA equivalents with a pH equal to or greater than 3.5 (b) Between 18% and 30% total mono-AHA equivalents and/or a pH between 3.0 to 3.5 (d) Between 3% and 30% total mono-AHA equivalents with a pH equal to or greater than 3.0 (e) 3%
Warnings and Cautionary Statements: (to the effect of) : (a) and (b) : "Use only as directed", "Avoid contact with the eyes", "If irritation persists, discontinue use and consult a physician", "It is recommended that prior to exposure to the sun, users cover areas where AHAs have been applied with sunscreen" Product labels should contain appropriate directions regarding frequency and/or duration of use. (b only) "For professional use only" (d) "Use only as directed", "Avoid contact with eyes", "Discontinue use if rash or irritation occurs"

Taiwan

Maximum concentration : pH≧3.5;
pH≥3.5;

Source: MFDS (Korea) cosmetic regulatory information

Not classified under Korea’s toxic-substance GHS list · existing chemical substance

Source: Korea toxic substances GHS register (NIER)

More data — names, identifiers, properties, test records, literature

Official labels & definitions

JCIA labelling name マンデル酸: 本品は、次の化学式で表される有機酸である。

Source: JCIA labelling names (Japan)

Names & identifiers

MANDELIC ACIDINCI만델릭애씨드Korean label name (MFDS standard)Benzeneacetic acid, .alpha.-hydroxy-Synonymマンデル酸Japanese labelling name

CAS No.chemical registry number: 17199-29-0
CAS No.chemical registry number: 90-64-2
EC No.EU chemical inventory number: 202-007-6
DTXSIDUS EPA chemical ID: DTXSID6023234
DTXCIDUS EPA compound ID: DTXCID203234

IUPAC: Hydroxy(phenyl)acetic acid
Molecular formula: C8H8O3
Molecular weight: 152.149 g/mol

Measured properties

Appearance: Liquid · Solid, Darkens and decomposes after prolonged light exposure, [Merck Index] White crystalline powder with a faint sweet odor, [Fisher Scientific MSDS]
Boiling point: 320 °C @760 [mm Hg]
Melting point: 119 °C
Density: 1.3 @25 °C
Colour: white
Melting/freezing point: 119 ℃
Vapour pressure: 0.0000164 ㎜Hg (at 25 ℃,est.)
Water solubility: 181000 ㎎/ℓ (at 25 ℃)
Vapour density: 5.25
Relative density: 1.30
n-Octanol/water partition coefficient (Kow): 0.62
Molecular weight: 152.15

Values measured on the substance itself. The KOSHA data are a reference for writing and reviewing safety data sheets, not a specification for a commercial raw material.

Source: PubChem · KOSHA safety data sheets (Korea)

What products actually use it for

What the 5 products reported to the US EPA with this ingredient use it for. Products outside cosmetics are included, so the top few rows are its main uses.

Biocide2
Processing aids not otherwise specified1
Intermediate1
No specific technical function1

Source: US EPA CompTox dashboard

Irritation and sensitisation studies

2 skin studies and 0 eye studies are on record.

Classed as low2

The study conclusions largely agree (100%). These tests are on the raw material itself; irritation at the amount in a finished product is a different question.

See all 2 studies

Studies Indicate No Significant Irritation
skin irritation: in vivo · Screening · OECD Guideline 404 (Acute Dermal Irritation / Corrosion) according to
Not likely to be sensitizing
skin sensitisation: in vivo (LLNA) · Screening · according to OECD Guideline 429 (Skin Sensitisation: Local Lymph Node Assay) according to EU Method B.42 (Skin Sensitisation: Local Lymph Node Assay)