Nitric acid is a nitrogen oxoacid of formula HNO3 in which the nitrogen atom is bonded to a hydroxy group and by equivalent bonds to the remaining two oxygen atoms.
定义
Nitric acid is a nitrogen oxoacid of formula HNO3 in which the nitrogen atom is bonded to a hydroxy group and by equivalent bonds to the remaining two oxygen atoms. It has a role as a reagent and a protic solvent. It is a conjugate acid of a nitrate.
来源: PubChem
美国FDA 物质登记 · UNII 411VRN1TV4 · 登记名称 Nitric acid · 单一化学物质
Nitric Acid is the inorganic acid that conforms to the formula:
化妆品中的作用
安全与法规参考
韩国有毒物质 GHS 分类: 危险 · H314 (第1类) · H330 (第1类) · H271 (第1类) · 另有 1 项
详细资料——标示名称、识别编号、物性、试验记录、文献
别名和识别信息
- CAS No.化学物质登记号
- 7697-37-2
- DTXSID美国EPA化学品编号
- DTXSID5029685
- DTXCID美国EPA化合物编号
- DTXCID509685
- IUPAC
- Nitric acid
- 分子式
- HNO3
- 分子量
- 63.012 g/mol
实测物性
- 性状
- Nitric acid, other than red fuming appears as a pale yellow to reddish brown liquid with reddish brown vapors and a suffocating odor. Very toxic by inhalation. Corrosive to metals or tissue. Accelerates the burning of combustible material and may cause ignition of combustible materials upon contact. Prolonged exposure to low concentrations or short term exposure to high concentrations may result i · Nitric acid, red fuming appears as a pale yellow to reddish brown liquid generating red-brown fumes and having a suffocating odor. Very toxic by inhalation. Corrosive to metals or tissue. Prolonged exposure to low concentrations or short term exposure to high concentrations may result in adverse health effects. Rate of onset: Immediate Persistence: Hours - days Odor threshold: ~1 ppm Source/u
- 气味
- Characteristic choking odor · Acrid, Sweet to acrid
- 沸点
- 181 °F at 760 mmHg (NIOSH, 2024) · 83 °C
- 熔点
- -44 °F (NIOSH, 2024) · -41.6 °C
- 溶解性
- Miscible (NIOSH, 2024) · Very soluble in water
- 密度
- 1.5 at 77 °F (NIOSH, 2024) - Denser than water, will sink · 1.5129 g/cu cm at 20 °C
- 熔点/凝固点
- -41.6 ℃
- 初沸点和沸程
- 121 ℃
- 蒸气压
- 0.89 ㎜Hg(20℃)
- 溶解度
- 500000 ㎎/ℓ(20 ℃)
- 蒸气密度
- 2.2
- 比重
- 1.5128
- 正辛醇/水分配系数（Kow）
- -0.21
- 黏度
- 0.746 cP(25℃)
- 分子量
- 63.0119
这是对物质本身测得的数值。韩国安全保健公团（KOSHA）的资料仅供编写和审核安全数据表参考，并非原料商品的规格。
来源: PubChem · 韩国安全保健公团 安全数据表
产品实际使用的用途
这是向美国 EPA 申报含该成分的 46 款产品的用途。其中包括化妆品以外的产品，排在前几行的即为该成分的主要用途。
- Processing aids not otherwise specified7
- pH regulating agent4
- Intermediate4
- Soil amendments4
- Degradant/impurity (EPA)2
- Pigment2
- Catalyst2
- Cleaning agent2
其余用途 16 项
- Ion exchange agent2
- Oxidizing agent2
- Dehydrating agent (desiccant)2
- Reducing agent1
- Dye1
- Propellants, non-motive (blowing agents)1
- Surface modifier1
- Energy releasers (explosives, motive propellant)1
- Plating agent1
- Semiconductor and photovoltaic agent1
- Solvent1
- Solids separation (precipitating) agent, not other1
- Corrosion inhibitor1
- No specific technical function1
- Preservative1
- Etching agent1
来源: 美国EPA CompTox
刺激与致敏试验记录
记录有皮肤试验 8 项、眼部试验 3 项。
试验结论基本一致（100%）。 这是对原料本身的试验记录，与成品中所含浓度下的刺激性不同。
查看全部 11 项试验
- Classification not possible
Skin Sensitization · Screening - Skin corrosion/irritation - Category 1
Skin Irritation · Screening - Category 1
Skin Irritation · Screening - Skin Corr. 1A
Skin Irritation · Screening - Skin Corr. 1A
Skin Irritation · Authoritative - Category 8.2A (Category 1A)
Skin Irritation · Read Across - Category 8.2C (Category 1C)
Skin Irritation · Read Across - Category 8.2B (Category 1B)
Skin Irritation · Read Across - Eye Dam. 1
Eye Irritation · Screening - Category 1
Eye Irritation · Screening - Category 8.3A (Category 1)
Eye Irritation · Read Across
来源: 美国EPA CompTox
相关文献
- Topical treatment of equine aural plaques with nitric acid and zinc solution. · 2026
- Topical Nitric Acid Burns: Initial Assessment and Management · 2023
- Case report: Mixed hydrofluoric and nitric acid mist inhalation poisoning · 2024
- Effect of Nitric Acid on Cutaneous and Plantar warts–a case report · 2016
- Nasal burn by nitric acid · 2007