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Ingredient Dictionary

PALMITIC ACID

Hexadecanoic acid is a straight-chain, sixteen-carbon, saturated long-chain fatty acid.

Molecular structure

How much products actually contain

1 products state the amountmedian 0.000008%

  • under 0.01% 1
  • 0.01–0.1% 0
  • 0.1–1% 0
  • 1% or more 0

Amounts are mostly stated by products named after the ingredient, so they may lean towards token amounts.

Of the products containing it, 884 list it before the 1% line and 429 after it (usually 1% or less).

Products using this ingredient

12 of 1,299 confirmed · likeliest to carry enough first · See all 1,299

Definition

Hexadecanoic acid is a straight-chain, sixteen-carbon, saturated long-chain fatty acid. It has a role as a plant metabolite, an EC 1.1.1.189 (prostaglandin-E2 9-reductase) inhibitor, a Daphnia magna metabolite and an algal metabolite. It is a long-chain fatty acid and a straight-chain saturated fatty acid. It is a conjugate acid of a hexadecanoate.

Source: PubChem

US FDA substance register · UNII 2V16EO95H1 · registered name Palmitic Acid · single chemical substance

Source: US FDA Unique Ingredient Identifier (UNII)

Cosmetic roles

Mixes and holds oil and water togetherSURFACTANT - EMULSIFYINGMakes skin soft and smoothSKIN CONDITIONING - EMOLLIENT

Safety & regulatory references

Not classified under Korea’s toxic-substance GHS list · existing chemical substance

Source: Korea toxic substances GHS register (NIER)

Other restriction: ban substances that deplete the ozone layer

Source: EU CosIng ingredient list

Reviewed by CIR: Annual Review of Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Assessments - 2004/2005

Source: US Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR)

Reviewed by CIR: Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Oleic Acid, Lauric Acid, Palmitic Acid, Myristic Acid, and Stearic Acid

Source: US Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR)

Reviewed by CIR: Final Report: Safety Assessment of Fatty Acids and Fatty Acid Salts as Used in Cosmetics

Source: US Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR)

More data — names, identifiers, properties, test records, literature

Official labels & definitions

JCIA labelling name パルミチン酸: 本品は、次の化学式で表される脂肪酸である。

Source: JCIA labelling names (Japan)

Names & identifiers

PALMITIC ACIDINCI팔미틱애씨드Korean label name (MFDS standard)Hexadecanoic acidSynonymパルミチン酸Japanese labelling name
CAS No.chemical registry number
57-10-3
EC No.EU chemical inventory number
200-312-9
DTXSIDUS EPA chemical ID
DTXSID2021602
DTXCIDUS EPA compound ID
DTXCID101602
IUPAC
Hexadecanoic acid
Molecular formula
C16H32O2
Molecular weight
256.43 g/mol

Measured properties

Appearance
Large Crystals, CBI, Dry Powder, Other Solid, Liquid · Colorless or white solid, [ICSC] Off-white solid, [MSDSonline]
Odour
Virtually odorless, slight characteristic odor
Boiling point
351.5 °C · 351-352 °C
Melting point
61.8 °C · 62.49 °C
Solubility
0.04 mg/L (at 25 °C) · In water, 0.04 mg/L at 25 °C
Density
Density: 0.8527 g/cu cm at 62 °C · Relative density (water = 1): 0.85
Stability
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Viscosity
7.80 mPa.sec (cP) at 70 °C
Colour
colourless, white
Melting/freezing point
63 ℃
Initial boiling point and range
350 ℃
Flash point
&amp, gt, 121 ℃
Vapour pressure
(3.8E-007 mmHg at 25 ℃)
Relative density
0.85 ()
n-Octanol/water partition coefficient (Kow)
7.17
Molecular weight
256.48

Values measured on the substance itself. The KOSHA data are a reference for writing and reviewing safety data sheets, not a specification for a commercial raw material.

Source: PubChem · KOSHA safety data sheets (Korea)

What products actually use it for

What the 88 products reported to the US EPA with this ingredient use it for. Products outside cosmetics are included, so the top few rows are its main uses.

  • Processing aids not otherwise specified23
  • Emulsifier12
  • Surfactant (surface active agent)11
  • Lubricating agent6
  • Softener and conditioner5
  • Fragrance4
  • Flavouring and nutrient3
  • Hardener3
14 other uses
  • Opacifer3
  • Surface modifier3
  • Viscosity modifier2
  • Intermediate2
  • Soil amendments2
  • Anti-freeze agent1
  • Polymerization promoter1
  • Plasticizer1
  • Monomers1
  • Diluent1
  • Binder1
  • Fuel1
  • Anti-adhesive/cohesive1
  • Stabilizing agent1

Source: US EPA CompTox dashboard

Irritation and sensitisation studies

1 skin studies and 2 eye studies are on record.

Classed as low1

The study conclusions largely agree (100%). These tests are on the raw material itself; irritation at the amount in a finished product is a different question.

See all 3 studies
  • Studies Indicate No Significant Irritation
    skin irritation: in vivo · Screening · OECD Guideline 404 (Acute Dermal Irritation / Corrosion) equivalent or similar to
  • Studies Indicate No Significant Irritation
    eye irritation: in vivo · Screening · OECD Guideline 405 (Acute Eye Irritation / Corrosion) according to
  • Studies Indicate No Significant Irritation
    eye irritation: in vivo · Screening · other guideline: Regulation for the Enforcement of the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (Revised, Federal Register, September 17, 1964) according to other guideline: Title 49, Department of Transportation Code of Federal Regulation, Section 173, 240 (Federal Register, February 12, 1973) according to

Source: US EPA CompTox dashboard

Related literature

Linked databases 21

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