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Ingredients

Ingredient Dictionary

POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE

Potassium hydroxide is an alkali metal hydroxide.

Korean limit
5%
Molecular structure

How much products actually contain

No product states its amount yet.

Of the products containing it, 432 list it before the 1% line and 236 after it (usually 1% or less).

Products using this ingredient

12 of 662 confirmed · likeliest to carry enough first · See all 662

Definition

Potassium hydroxide is an alkali metal hydroxide.

Source: PubChem

US FDA substance register · UNII WZH3C48M4T · registered name Potassium hydroxide · single chemical substance

Source: US FDA Unique Ingredient Identifier (UNII)

Potassium Hydroxide is the inorganic base

Cosmetic roles

Keeps pH steadyBUFFERING

Safety & regulatory references

Restricted
South Korea · Taiwan · United Kingdom

Source: ASEAN Cosmetic Directive · EU Cosmetics Regulation · MFDS (Korea) cosmetic regulatory information · Taiwan FDA cosmetic ingredients · Taiwan FDA cosmetic regulations · UK cosmetics regulations (OPSS)

Argentina · Brazil

  • Field of application and/or use : (a) Removers cuticles (b) Hair strengthener: 1. General use 2. Professional use (c) To adjust pH depilatories d) For pH adjustments in other products
  • Maximum concentration permitted at final product : (a) 5% mass (b) 1. 2% in mass 2. 4,5% in mass b: the sum of the calculated mass hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide (c) to pH 12.7 d) to pH 11
  • Use conditions and warnings that must appear on the label : a) - Contains alkali - Avoid contact with eyes - Can cause blindness - Keep out of reach of children b) 1 and 2 - Contains alkali - Avoid contact with eyes - Can cause blindness - Keep out of reach of children - For professional use only (if applicable) c) - Keep out of reach of children - Avoid contact with eyes

ASEAN

  • Field of application and/or use : (a) Nail cuticle solvent (b) Hair straightener 1. General use 2. Professional use (c) pH adjuster – for depilatories (d) Other uses as pH adjuster
  • Maximum authorised concentration in the finished cosmetic product : (a) 5% by weight (4) (b) 1. 2% by weight (4) 2. 4.5% by weight (4) (c) up to pH 12.7 (d) up to pH 11
  • Conditions of use and warning which must be printed on the labels : (a) • Contains alkali • Avoid contact with eyes • Can cause blindness • Keep out of reach of children (b) 1. • Contains alkali • Avoid contact with eyes • Can cause blindness • Keep out of reach of children 2. • For professional use only • Avoid contact with eyes • Can cause blindness (c) • Keep out of reach of children • Avoid contact with eyes

China

  • Maximum concentration : (a) 5%
  • (b)
  • 1. 2%
  • 2. 4.5%
  • (c) pH≤12.7
  • (d) pH≤11
  • (b)

European Union

  • Product Type, body parts : (a) Nail cuticle solvent (b) Hair straightener (c) pH adjuster for depilatories (d) Other uses as pH adjuster 15d- Callosity softener/remover
  • Maximum concentration in ready for use preparation : (a) 5.0% (5) (b) 1. 2% (5) 2. 4.5% (5) 15d- 1.5% (5)
  • Other : (b) 1. General use 2. Professional use (c) up to pH 12.7 (d) up to pH 11 15 d Contains alcakali, Avoid contact with eyes Keep out of reach of chindren ans Read directions for use carefully
  • Wording of conditions of use and warnings : (a) Contains alkali Avoid contact with eyes Can cause blindness Keep out of reach of children (b) 1. Contains alkali Avoid contact with eyes Can cause blindness Keep out of reach of children 2. For professional use only Avoid contact with eyes Can cause blindness (c) Keep out of reach of children Avoid contact with eyes

Source: MFDS (Korea) cosmetic regulatory information

Korea’s toxic-substance GHS classification: Danger · H301 (category 3) · H314 (category 1A)

Source: Korea toxic substances GHS register (NIER)

Restriction III/15a, 15d · SCCS opinion: Opinion on Potassium hydroxide (KOH) as callosity softener/remover

Source: EU CosIng ingredient list

Reviewed by CIR: Safety Assessment of Inorganic Hydroxides as Used in Cosmetics

Source: US Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR)

More data — names, identifiers, properties, test records, literature

Official labels & definitions

JCIA labelling name 水酸化K: 本品は、カリウムの水酸化物であり、次の化学式で表される。

Source: JCIA labelling names (Japan)

Names & identifiers

POTASSIUM HYDROXIDEINCI포타슘하이드록사이드Korean label name (MFDS standard)Potassium hydroxide (K(OH))Synonym水酸化KJapanese labelling name
CAS No.chemical registry number
1310-58-3
EC No.EU chemical inventory number
215-181-3
DTXSIDUS EPA chemical ID
DTXSID5029633
DTXCIDUS EPA compound ID
DTXCID209633
IUPAC
Potassium hydroxide
Molecular formula
HKO
Molecular weight
56.105 g/mol

Measured properties

Appearance
Potassium hydroxide, solution appears as an clear aqueous solution. Corrosive to metals and tissue. Noncombustible. Used in chemical manufacturing, petroleum refining, cleaning compounds. · Potassium hydroxide, [dry solid, flake, bead, or granular] appears as a white solid. Corrosive to metals and tissue. Used in soap manufacture, bleach, as an electrolyte in alkaline batteries, and as a food additive.
Odour
Odorless · odourless
Boiling point
greater than 266 °F at 760 mmHg (USCG, 1999) · 2408 °F at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992)
Melting point
680 °F approximately (NTP, 1992) · 405
Solubility
107 g/100 cc at 59 °F (NTP, 1992) · Soluble
Density
1.45 to 1.50 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999)
Colour
white
Melting/freezing point
380 ℃
Initial boiling point and range
1324 ℃
Vapour pressure
1.3 hPa
Relative density
2.04
Viscosity
2.554 cP
Molecular weight
56.1049

Values measured on the substance itself. The KOSHA data are a reference for writing and reviewing safety data sheets, not a specification for a commercial raw material.

Source: PubChem · KOSHA safety data sheets (Korea)

What products actually use it for

What the 265 products reported to the US EPA with this ingredient use it for. Products outside cosmetics are included, so the top few rows are its main uses.

  • pH regulating agent114
  • Oxidizing agent42
  • Processing aids not otherwise specified21
  • Cleaning agent20
  • Chelating agent12
  • No specific technical function8
  • Solvent5
  • Catalyst5
23 other uses
  • Soil amendments4
  • Ion exchange agent4
  • Degradant/impurity (EPA)3
  • Surfactant (surface active agent)2
  • Pigment2
  • Intermediate2
  • Binder2
  • Bleaching agent2
  • Food preservative (EPA)2
  • Conductive agent2
  • Biocide1
  • Plasticizer1
  • Thickening agent1
  • Anti-caking agent1
  • Surface modifier1
  • Anti-freeze agent1
  • Chemical reaction regulator1
  • Flotation agent1
  • Corrosion inhibitor1
  • Abrasive1
  • Plating agent1
  • Semiconductor and photovoltaic agent1
  • Etching agent1

Source: US EPA CompTox dashboard

Irritation and sensitisation studies

10 skin studies and 4 eye studies are on record.

Classed as highly irritating1

The study conclusions largely agree (100%). These tests are on the raw material itself; irritation at the amount in a finished product is a different question.

See all 14 studies
  • Category 8.2C (Category 1C)
    Skin Irritation · Read Across
  • Category 6.3A (Category 2)
    Skin Irritation · Read Across
  • Corrosive
    skin irritation: in vivo · Screening · other guideline: revised Federal Hazardous Substances Act of FDA, Edwards 1972 according to OECD Guideline 404 (Acute Dermal Irritation / Corrosion) equivalent or similar to
  • Skin Corr. 1A
    Skin Irritation · Authoritative
  • Skin corrosion - category 1A
    Skin Irritation · Screening
  • Classification not possible
    Skin Sensitization · Screening
  • Category 8.2B (Category 1B)
    Skin Irritation · Read Across
  • Corrosive
    skin irritation: in vivo · Screening · other guideline: revised Federal Hazardous Substance Act procedure, proposed by FDA (Edwards 1972) according to OECD Guideline 404 (Acute Dermal Irritation / Corrosion) equivalent or similar to
  • Skin corrosion/irritation - Category 1
    Skin Irritation · Screening
  • Category 1
    Skin Irritation · Screening
  • Category 8.3A (Category 1)
    Eye Irritation · Read Across
  • Category 6.4A (Category 2A)
    Eye Irritation · Read Across
  • Corrosive or Irritation Persists for > 21 days
    eye irritation: in vivo · Screening · OECD Guideline 405 (Acute Eye Irritation / Corrosion) equivalent or similar to
  • Category 1
    Eye Irritation · Screening

Source: US EPA CompTox dashboard

Related literature

Linked databases 27