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Ingredients

Ingredient Dictionary

SODIUM HYDROXIDE

Sodium hydroxide is an alkali metal hydroxide.

Korean limit
5%
Molecular structure

How much products actually contain

No product states its amount yet.

Of the products containing it, 430 list it before the 1% line and 1,102 after it (usually 1% or less).

Products using this ingredient

12 of 1,527 confirmed · likeliest to carry enough first · See all 1,527

Definition

Sodium hydroxide is an alkali metal hydroxide.

Source: PubChem

US FDA substance register · UNII 55X04QC32I · registered name Sodium hydroxide · single chemical substance

Source: US FDA Unique Ingredient Identifier (UNII)

Cosmetic roles

Makes alcohol undrinkableDENATURANTKeeps pH steadyBUFFERING

Safety & regulatory references

Restricted
South Korea · Taiwan

Source: MFDS (Korea) cosmetic regulatory information

Argentina · Brazil

  • Field of application and/or use : (a) Removers cuticles (b) Hair strengthener: 1. General use 2. Professional use (c) To adjust pH depilatories d) For pH adjustments in other products
  • Maximum concentration permitted at final product : (a) 5% mass (b) 1. 2% in mass 2. 4,5% in mass b: the sum of the calculated mass hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide (c) to pH 12.7 d) to pH 11
  • Use conditions and warnings that must appear on the label : a) - Contains alkali - Avoid contact with eyes - Can cause blindness - Keep out of reach of children b) 1 and 2 - Contains alkali - Avoid contact with eyes - Can cause blindness - Keep out of reach of children - For professional use only (if applicable) c) - Keep out of reach of children - Avoid contact with eyes

ASEAN

  • Field of application and/or use : (a) Nail cuticle solvent (b) Hair straightener 1. General use 2. Professional use (c) pH adjuster – for depilatories (d) Other uses as pH adjuster
  • Maximum authorised concentration in the finished cosmetic product : (a) 5% by weight (4) (b) 1. 2% by weight (4) 2. 4.5% by weight (4) (c) up to pH 12.7 (d) up to pH 11
  • Conditions of use and warning which must be printed on the labels : (a) • Contains alkali • Avoid contact with eyes • Can cause blindness • Keep out of reach of children (b) 1. • Contains alkali • Avoid contact with eyes • Can cause blindness • Keep out of reach of children 2. • For professional use only • Avoid contact with eyes • Can cause blindness (c) • Keep out of reach of children • Avoid contact with eyes

China

  • Maximum concentration : (a) 5%
  • (b)
  • 1. 2%
  • 2. 4.5%
  • (c) pH≤12.7
  • (d) pH≤11
  • (b)

European Union

  • Product Type, body parts : (a) Nail cuticle solvent (b) Hair straightener (c) pH adjuster for depilatories (d) Other uses as pH adjuster 15d- Callosity softener/remover
  • Maximum concentration in ready for use preparation : (a) 5.0% (5) (b) 1. 2% (5) 2. 4.5% (5) 15d- 1.5% (5)
  • Other : (b) 1. General use 2. Professional use (c) up to pH 12.7 (d) up to pH 11 15 d Contains alcakali, Avoid contact with eyes Keep out of reach of chindren ans Read directions for use carefully
  • Wording of conditions of use and warnings : (a) Contains alkali Avoid contact with eyes Can cause blindness Keep out of reach of children (b) 1. Contains alkali Avoid contact with eyes Can cause blindness Keep out of reach of children 2. For professional use only Avoid contact with eyes Can cause blindness (c) Keep out of reach of children Avoid contact with eyes

Source: MFDS (Korea) cosmetic regulatory information

Korea’s toxic-substance GHS classification: Danger · H290 (category 1) · H314 (category 1A) · H312 (category 4)

Source: Korea toxic substances GHS register (NIER)

Restriction III/15a · Other restriction: ban substances that deplete the ozone layer

Source: EU CosIng ingredient list

Reviewed by CIR: Safety Assessment of Inorganic Hydroxides as Used in Cosmetics

Source: US Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR)

More data — names, identifiers, properties, test records, literature

Official labels & definitions

JCIA labelling name 水酸化Na: 本品は、ナトリウムの水酸化物であり、次の化学式で表される。

Source: JCIA labelling names (Japan)

Names & identifiers

SODIUM HYDROXIDEINCI소듐하이드록사이드Korean label name (MFDS standard)Sodium hydroxide (Na(OH))Synonym水酸化NaJapanese labelling name
CAS No.chemical registry number
1310-73-2
EC No.EU chemical inventory number
215-185-5
DTXSIDUS EPA chemical ID
DTXSID0029634
DTXCIDUS EPA compound ID
DTXCID609634
IUPAC
Sodium hydroxide
Molecular formula
HNaO
Molecular weight
39.997 g/mol

Measured properties

Appearance
Sodium hydroxide solution appears as a colorless liquid. More dense than water. Contact may severely irritate skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Toxic by ingestion. Corrosive to metals and tissue. · Sodium hydroxide, solid appears as a white solid. Corrosive to metals and tissue. Used in chemical manufacturing, petroleum refining, cleaning compounds, drain cleaners.
Odour
... Odorless ... · odourless
Boiling point
greater than 266 °F at 760 mmHg (USCG, 1999) · Very high (USCG, 1999)
Melting point
604 °F (USCG, 1999) · 323
Solubility
111 % (NIOSH, 2024) · easily soluble in cold water, hot water
Density
1.5 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Denser than water, will sink · 2.13 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Denser than water, will sink
Colour
white
pH
14
Melting/freezing point
318 ℃
Initial boiling point and range
1390 ℃
Relative density
2.13 (20℃)
n-Octanol/water partition coefficient (Kow)
-3.88 (est.)
Viscosity
4 cP(350℃)
Molecular weight
40

Values measured on the substance itself. The KOSHA data are a reference for writing and reviewing safety data sheets, not a specification for a commercial raw material.

Source: PubChem · KOSHA safety data sheets (Korea)

What products actually use it for

What the 1,400 products reported to the US EPA with this ingredient use it for. Products outside cosmetics are included, so the top few rows are its main uses.

  • pH regulating agent921
  • Oxidizing agent271
  • No specific technical function47
  • Cleaning agent45
  • Chelating agent16
  • Processing aids not otherwise specified14
  • Binder8
  • Solvent5
39 other uses
  • Surfactant (surface active agent)5
  • Corrosion inhibitor4
  • Intermediate4
  • Stabilizing agent4
  • Bleaching agent4
  • Ion exchange agent3
  • Solids separation (precipitating) agent, not other3
  • Plasticizer3
  • Surface modifier2
  • Sealant (barrier)2
  • Fuel2
  • Catalyst2
  • Pigment2
  • Flavouring and nutrient2
  • Softener and conditioner2
  • Plating agent2
  • Dye2
  • Biocide2
  • Chemical reaction regulator2
  • Soil amendments2
  • Diluent1
  • Anti-scaling agent1
  • Swelling agent1
  • Leaching agent1
  • Anti-adhesive/cohesive1
  • Degradant/impurity (EPA)1
  • Other1
  • Brightener1
  • Sizing agent1
  • Abrasive1
  • Density modifier1
  • Deodorizer1
  • Viscosity modifier1
  • Food preservative (EPA)1
  • Filler1
  • Fragrance1
  • Preservative1
  • Thickening agent1
  • Flotation agent1

Source: US EPA CompTox dashboard

Irritation and sensitisation studies

11 skin studies and 8 eye studies are on record.

Classed as highly irritating1

The study conclusions largely agree (100%). These tests are on the raw material itself; irritation at the amount in a finished product is a different question.

See all 19 studies
  • Category 1
    Skin Irritation · Screening
  • Severe Irritation
    skin irritation: in vivo · Screening · OECD Guideline 404 (Acute Dermal Irritation / Corrosion) equivalent or similar to
  • Skin corrosion - category 1A
    Skin Irritation · Screening
  • Moderate or Mild Irritation
    skin irritation: in vivo · Screening · OECD Guideline 404 (Acute Dermal Irritation / Corrosion) according to
  • Category 6.3A (Category 2)
    Skin Irritation · Read Across
  • Skin corrosion/irritation - Category 1
    Skin Irritation · Screening
  • Skin Corr. 1A
    Skin Irritation · Authoritative
  • Category 8.2B (Category 1B)
    Skin Irritation · Read Across
  • Skin Corr. 1A
    Skin Irritation · Screening
  • Category 8.2C (Category 1C)
    Skin Irritation · Read Across
  • Not classified
    Skin Sensitization · Screening
  • Severe Irritation
    eye irritation: in vivo · Screening · OECD Guideline 405 (Acute Eye Irritation / Corrosion) according to
  • Category 8.3A (Category 1)
    Eye Irritation · Read Across
  • Severe Irritation
    eye irritation: in vivo · Screening · other guideline: testing protocol was based on the methodology of Draize and the Federal Hazardous Substances Act Regulation according to
  • Corrosive or Irritation Persists for > 21 days
    eye irritation: in vivo · Screening · OECD Guideline 405 (Acute Eye Irritation / Corrosion) equivalent or similar to
  • Category 6.4A (Category 2A)
    Eye Irritation · Read Across
  • Category 1
    Eye Irritation · Screening
  • Moderate or Mild Irritation
    eye irritation: in vivo · Screening · OECD Guideline 405 (Acute Eye Irritation / Corrosion) according to
  • Eye Dam. 1
    Eye Irritation · Screening

Source: US EPA CompTox dashboard

Related literature

Linked databases 22