What is this ingredient?

미국 FDA 물질 등록 · UNII X045WJ989B · 등록명 Sorbic Acid · 단일 화학물질

Ingredient Dictionary

SORBIC ACID

Sorbic acid is a hexadienoic acid with double bonds at C-2 and C-4; it has four geometrical isomers, of which the trans,trans-form is naturally occurring.

Korean limit: 0.6%

SORBIC ACID Molecular structure — Molecular structure

How much products actually contain

2 products state the amountmedian 0.2%

under 0.01% 1
0.01–0.1% 0
0.1–1% 1
1% or more 0

Amounts are mostly stated by products named after the ingredient, so they may lean towards token amounts.

Of the products containing it, 44 list it before the 1% line and 505 after it (usually 1% or less).

Products using this ingredient

12 of 548 confirmed · likeliest to carry enough first · See all 548

Definition

US FDA substance register · UNII X045WJ989B · registered name Sorbic Acid · single chemical substance

Source: US FDA Unique Ingredient Identifier (UNII)

Sorbic Acid is the organic acid that conforms generally to the formula:

Sorbic acid is a hexadienoic acid with double bonds at C-2 and C-4; it has four geometrical isomers, of which the trans,trans-form is naturally occurring. It is a hexadienoic acid, a polyunsaturated fatty acid, a medium-chain fatty acid and an alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid. It is a conjugate acid of a sorbate.

Source: PubChem

Cosmetic roles

Stops microbes growing in the productPRESERVATIVEListed as a fragrance-composition material (not a claim that it adds scent)FRAGRANCE

Safety & regulatory references

Restricted: China · Japan · South Korea
Allowed preservative: United Kingdom

Source: MFDS (Korea) cosmetic regulatory information · ASEAN Cosmetic Directive · EU Cosmetics Regulation · Taiwan FDA cosmetic ingredients · UK cosmetics regulations (OPSS)

Argentina · Brazil

Maximum concentration permitted at final product : 0.6% (expressed as acid)

ASEAN

Maximum authorised concentration in the finished cosmetic product : 0.6% (acid)

Taiwan

0.6%

European Union

Maximum concentration in ready for use preparation : 0.6% (acid)

Source: MFDS (Korea) cosmetic regulatory information

Not classified under Korea’s toxic-substance GHS list · existing chemical substance

Source: Korea toxic substances GHS register (NIER)

Restriction V/4

Source: EU CosIng ingredient list

Reviewed by CIR: Annual Review of Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Assessments: 2005/2006

Source: US Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR)

Reviewed by CIR: Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Sorbic Acid and Potassium Sorbate

Source: US Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR)

More data — names, identifiers, properties, test records, literature

Official labels & definitions

JCIA labelling name ソルビン酸: 本品は、次の化学式で表される有機酸である。

Source: JCIA labelling names (Japan)

Names & identifiers

SORBIC ACIDINCI소르빅애씨드Korean label name (MFDS standard)2,4-Hexadienoic acid, (E,E)-Synonymソルビン酸Japanese labelling name

CAS No.chemical registry number: 110-44-1
EC No.EU chemical inventory number: 203-768-7
DTXSIDUS EPA chemical ID: DTXSID3021277
DTXCIDUS EPA compound ID: DTXCID401277

IUPAC: (2E,4E)-Hexa-2,4-dienoic acid
Molecular formula: C6H8O2
Molecular weight: 112.128 g/mol

Measured properties

Appearance: Sorbic acid appears as white powder or crystals. Melting point 134.5 °C. Slightly acidic and astringent taste with a faint odor. · Dry Powder
Odour: Relatively odorless · Weak characteristic odor
Boiling point: 442 °F at 760 mmHg (decomposes) (NTP, 1992) · 228 °C with decomposition.
Melting point: 274.1 °F (NTP, 1992) · Between 133 °C and 135 °C, after vacuum drying for four hours in a sulphuric acid desiccator
Solubility: less than 1 mg/mL at 68 °F (NTP, 1992) · Slightly soluble in water, soluble in ethanol.
Density: 1.204 at 66 °F (NTP, 1992) - Denser than water, will sink · 1.204 g/cu cm at 19 °C
Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Dissociation constant: 4.5 · pKa = 4.76 at 25 °C
Colour: white
Melting/freezing point: 134.5 ℃
Flash point: 127 ℃(c.c.)
Flammability (solid, gas): combustible
Vapour pressure: 0.134 ㎜Hg (@ 25 ℃, est., 50 mmHg @ 143 ℃ [HSBD])
Water solubility: 1910 ㎎/ℓ (@ 30 ℃)
Vapour density: 3.87
Relative density: 1.204 (@ 19 ℃)
n-Octanol/water partition coefficient (Kow): 1.33
Auto-ignition temperature: 402 ℃
Decomposition temperature: 228 ℃
Molecular weight: 112.14

Values measured on the substance itself. The KOSHA data are a reference for writing and reviewing safety data sheets, not a specification for a commercial raw material.

Source: PubChem · KOSHA safety data sheets (Korea)

What products actually use it for

What the 38 products reported to the US EPA with this ingredient use it for. Products outside cosmetics are included, so the top few rows are its main uses.

Preservative28
Flavouring and nutrient4
Processing aids not otherwise specified4
Solvent1
Adhesion/cohesion promoter1

Source: US EPA CompTox dashboard

Irritation and sensitisation studies

5 skin studies and 3 eye studies are on record.

Classed as low2

The study conclusions largely agree (100%). These tests are on the raw material itself; irritation at the amount in a finished product is a different question.

See all 8 studies

Studies Indicate No Significant Irritation
skin irritation: in vivo · Screening · OECD Guideline 404 (Acute Dermal Irritation / Corrosion) according to EU Method B.4 (Acute Toxicity: Dermal Irritation / Corrosion) according to
Category 6.5B (Category 1)
Skin Sensitization · Read Across
SkinSens1
Skin Sensitization · QSAR Predicted
Not likely to be sensitizing
skin sensitisation: in vivo (non-LLNA) · Screening · equivalent or similar to EU Method B.6 (Skin Sensitisation) , 1996
Category 6.3A (Category 2)
Skin Irritation · Read Across
Severe Irritation
eye irritation: in vivo · Screening · OECD Guideline 405 (Acute Eye Irritation / Corrosion) according to EU Method B.5 (Acute Toxicity: Eye Irritation / Corrosion) Directive 84/449/EEC according to
Category 6.4A (Category 2A)
Eye Irritation · Read Across
Serious eye damage/eye irritation - Category 2B
Eye Irritation · Screening