Triclosan is an aromatic ether that is phenol which is substituted at C-5 by a chloro group and at C-2 by a 2,4-dichlorophenoxy group.
Definition
US FDA substance register · UNII 4NM5039Y5X · registered name TRICLOSAN · single chemical substance
Triclosan is an aromatic ether that is phenol which is substituted at C-5 by a chloro group and at C-2 by a 2,4-dichlorophenoxy group. It is widely used as a preservative and antimicrobial agent in personal care products such as soaps, skin creams, toothpaste and deodorants as well as in household items such as plastic chopping boards, sports equipment and shoes. It has a role as an EC 1.3.1.9 [enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADH)] inhibitor, a fungicide, an antibacterial agent, a xenobiotic, an antimalarial, an EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor, a persistent organic pollutant and a drug allergen. It is a dichlorobenzene, a member of phenols, an aromatic ether and a member of monochlorobenzenes.
Source: PubChem
Triclosan is the substituted organic ether that conforms to the formula:
Cosmetic roles
Safety & regulatory references
- Restricted
- South Korea · Taiwan
- Allowed preservative
- Taiwan · United Kingdom
Source: ASEAN Cosmetic Directive · Health Canada Cosmetic Ingredient Hotlist · MFDS (Korea) cosmetic regulatory information · EU Cosmetics Regulation · Taiwan FDA cosmetic ingredients · UK cosmetics regulations (OPSS)
Argentina · Brazil
- Maximum concentration permitted at final product : 0.3%
ASEAN
- Field of application and/or use : a) Toothpastes Hand soaps Body soaps/Shower gels Deodorants (non-spray) Face powders and blemish concealers Nail products for cleaning the fingernails and toenails before the application of artificial nail systems Shampoos Hair Conditioners Facial Cleansers (b) Mouthwashes
- Maximum authorised concentration in the finished cosmetic product : (a) 0.3 % (b) 0.2 %
Canada
- Conditions of Use by product type : (a) Mouthwashes (b) Other cosmetics (c) All oral products must meet the following conditions: Manufacturers must ensure that polychlorinated dibenzo‐p‐dioxin (PCD(d) and polychlorinated dibenzofuran (PCDF) impurities must not be present in quantities that exceed: (i) 0,1 ng/g 2,3,7,8‐tetrachlorodibenzo p‐dioxin and 2,3,7,8‐tetrachlorodibenzofuran. (ii)10 μg/g total other PCDD/PCDF impurities, with no individual impurity greater than 5 μg/g. Manufacturers must possess the following: (i) Raw material specifications for triclosan; (ii) Identification of the method of analysis used to determine the levels of PCDDs and PCDFs in triclosan; (iii) Finished product specifications.
- Maximum Concentration Permitted : ((a) 0.03% (b) 0.3%
- Warnings and Cautionary Statements: (to the effect of) : (a) "Avoid swallowing." "The product is not to be used by children under the age of 12." (c) “Avoid swallowing.” “The product is not to be used by children under the age of 12.”
Japan
- Maximum amount per 100 g(Maximum amount of ingredient per 100 g) : 0.10 g(0.10 g)
China
- Maximum concentration : 0.3%
European Union
- Product Type, body parts : (a) Toothpastes, hand soaps, Body soaps/Shower gels, Deodorants (non-spray), Face powders and blemish concealers. Nail products for cleaning the fingernails and toenails before the application of artificial nail systems. (b) Mouthwashes
- Maximum concentration in ready for use preparation : (a) 0.3% (b) 0,2%
Source: MFDS (Korea) cosmetic regulatory information
Korea’s toxic-substance GHS classification: Warning · H410 (category 1) · H315 (category 2) · H400 (category 1)
EU Cosmetics Regulation, Annex V (allowed preservatives), entry 25 · maximum concentration 0.3% · applies to Toothpastes; Hand soaps; Body soaps/Shower gels; Deodorants (non-spray); Face powders and blemish concealers; Nail products for cleaning the fingernails and toenails before the application of artificial nail systems;
Restriction V/25 · Other restriction: ban substances that deplete the ozone layer · SCCS opinion: Oinion on Triclosan Addenum to the SCCP opinion on Triclosan; Opinion concerning Triclosan; Opinion on Triclosan; Opinion on Triclosan Anti-microbial Resistance
Source: EU CosIng ingredient list
Reviewed by CIR: Final Report: Safety Assessment of Triclosan as a Used in Cosmetics
More data — names, identifiers, properties, test records, literature
Official labels & definitions
JCIA labelling name トリクロサン: 本品は、次の化学式で表される芳香族エーテル誘導体である。
Source: JCIA labelling names (Japan)
Names & identifiers
- CAS No.chemical registry number
- 3380-34-5
- EC No.EU chemical inventory number
- 222-182-2
- DTXSIDUS EPA chemical ID
- DTXSID5032498
- DTXCIDUS EPA compound ID
- DTXCID3012498
- IUPAC
- 5-Chloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenol
- Molecular formula
- C12H7Cl3O2
- Molecular weight
- 289.54 g/mol
Measured properties
- Appearance
- solid · White to off-white crystalline powder, [HSDB]
- Colour
- at 20°C, 1013 hPa
- Melting/freezing point
- 56.4 ℃
- Initial boiling point and range
- 253 ℃
- Flash point
- 162.2 ℃
- Vapour pressure
- 0.0003 ㎩ (at 20°C)
- Water solubility
- 0.012 (20 °C, g/L)
- Relative density
- 1550 kg/m³ (at 22 °C)
- n-Octanol/water partition coefficient (Kow)
- 4.8 (at 25 °C, pH 6.7)
- Decomposition temperature
- &, gt, 253 ℃
- Molecular weight
- 289.54
- Odour
- Slight, faintly aromatic odor
- Boiling point
- 120 °C · 280 to 290 °C (decomposes)
- Melting point
- 55-57 °C · 54-57.3 °C
- Solubility
- In water, 10 mg/L at 20 °C · Slightly soluble in water
- Stability
- Stable under recommended storage conditions.
- Dissociation constant
- 7.9 · pKa = 7.9
Values measured on the substance itself. The KOSHA data are a reference for writing and reviewing safety data sheets, not a specification for a commercial raw material.
Source: KOSHA safety data sheets (Korea) · PubChem
What products actually use it for
What the 22 products reported to the US EPA with this ingredient use it for. Products outside cosmetics are included, so the top few rows are its main uses.
- Biocide12
- Preservative6
- Deodorizer3
- Processing aids not otherwise specified1
Source: US EPA CompTox dashboard
Irritation and sensitisation studies
4 skin studies and 3 eye studies are on record.
The study conclusions largely agree (100%). These tests are on the raw material itself; irritation at the amount in a finished product is a different question.
See all 7 studies
- Classification not possible
Skin Sensitization · Screening - Not classified
Skin Irritation · Screening - Skin Irrit. 2
Skin Irritation · Authoritative - Category 6.3A (Category 2)
Skin Irritation · Read Across - Eye Irrit. 2
Eye Irritation · Authoritative - Category 6.4A (Category 2A)
Eye Irritation · Read Across - Classification not possible
Eye Irritation · Screening
Source: US EPA CompTox dashboard
Related literature
- Sensitizing potential of triclosan and triclosan‐based skin care products in patients with chronic eczema · 2008
- Role of triclosan microemulsion against triclosan resistant clones of bacterial pathogens · 2020
- Evaluation of Triclosan in Medicated Cosmetic Products · 2025
- PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS: Triclosan Comes under Scrutiny · 2010
- Buccal absorption of triclosan following topical mouthrinse application. · 2000
Linked databases 31
- AICIS inventory notices (Australia)
- ASEAN Cosmetic Directive
- Australian Industrial Chemicals Inventory (AICIS)
- ChEBI
- ChEMBL
- China inventory of existing ingredients (IECIC)
- EU allowed preservatives (Annex V)
- EU CosIng ingredient list 2
- EU Cosmetics Regulation
- EU SCCS safety opinions 2 3 4
- Health Canada Cosmetic Ingredient Hotlist
- JCIA labelling names (Japan)
- Korea Cosmetic Association ingredient dictionary
- Korea toxic substances GHS register (NIER)
- KOSHA safety data sheets (Korea)
- MFDS (Korea) cosmetic ingredient register 2
- MFDS (Korea) cosmetic regulatory information 2 3 4
- NIST Chemistry WebBook
- PubChem 2
- Taiwan FDA cosmetic ingredients
- Tlooto literature search 2 3 4 5
- UK cosmetics regulations (OPSS)
- UniChem cross-reference IDs
- US Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) 2
- US EPA CompTox dashboard 2
- US EPA DSSTox chemical database
- US FDA substance registration (GSRS)
- US FDA Unique Ingredient Identifier (UNII)
- US National Toxicology Program reports
- Wikidata
- Wikipedia · Korean · English · Japanese · Chinese