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Ingredient Dictionary

LIMONENE

Limonene is a monoterpene that is cyclohex-1-ene substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and a prop-1-en-2-yl group at position 4 respectively.

Molecular structure

How much products actually contain

No product states its amount yet.

Of the products containing it, 409 list it before the 1% line and 3,401 after it (usually 1% or less).

Products using this ingredient

12 of 3,808 confirmed · likeliest to carry enough first · See all 3,808

Definition

Limonene is a monoterpene that is cyclohex-1-ene substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and a prop-1-en-2-yl group at position 4 respectively. It has a role as a human metabolite. It is a cycloalkene and a p-menthadiene.

Source: PubChem

US FDA substance register · UNII 9MC3I34447 · registered name LIMONENE, (±)- · single chemical substance

Source: US FDA Unique Ingredient Identifier (UNII)

Cosmetic roles

Reduces body odourDEODORANTGives the product a scentPERFUMINGBase that dissolves other ingredientsSOLVENT

Safety & regulatory references

Banned
South Korea
Restricted
International fragrance standard (IFRA) · United Kingdom

Source: MFDS (Korea) cosmetic regulatory information · EU Cosmetics Regulation · IFRA fragrance standards · UK cosmetics regulations (OPSS)

European Union

  • Other : The presence of the substance shall be indicated in the list of ingredients referred to in Article 19(1), point (g), when its concentration exceeds: - 0,001 % in leave-on products - 0,01 % in rinse-off products. The peroxide value for each substance shall be less than 20 mmoles/L(15)’

Source: MFDS (Korea) cosmetic regulatory information

Korea’s toxic-substance GHS classification: Warning · H226 (category 3) · H315 (category 2) · H317 (category 1) · +1 more

Source: Korea toxic substances GHS register (NIER)

Restriction III/88 III/167 III/168

Source: EU CosIng ingredient list

More data — names, identifiers, properties, test records, literature

Official labels & definitions

JCIA labelling name リモネン: 本品は、次の化学式で表されるテルペンである。

Source: JCIA labelling names (Japan)

Names & identifiers

LIMONENEINCI리모넨Korean label name (MFDS standard)Cyclohexene, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)-SynonymリモネンJapanese labelling name
CAS No.chemical registry number
138-86-3
CAS No.chemical registry number
5989-27-5
CAS No.chemical registry number
5989-54-8
CAS No.chemical registry number
68647-72-3
CAS No.chemical registry number
7705-14-8
EC No.EU chemical inventory number
931-893-3
EC No.EU chemical inventory number
205-341-0
EC No.EU chemical inventory number
205-341-0 / 931-893-3
DTXSIDUS EPA chemical ID
DTXSID2029612
DTXCIDUS EPA compound ID
DTXCID209612
IUPAC
1-Methyl-4-(prop-1-en-2-yl)cyclohex-1-ene
Molecular formula
C10H16
Molecular weight
136.238 g/mol

Measured properties

Appearance
Dipentene appears as a colorless liquid with an odor of lemon. Flash point 113 °F. Density about 7.2 lb /gal and insoluble in water. Hence floats on water. Vapors heavier than air. Used as a solvent for rosin, waxes, rubber, as a dispersing agent for oils, resins, paints, lacquers, varnishes, and in floor waxes and furniture polishes. · Dry Powder, Liquid
Odour
Pleasant lemon-like
Boiling point
352 °F at 760 mmHg (USCG, 1999) · Colorless liquid, lemon-like odor. Specific gravity: 0.857 at 15.5 °C/15.5 °C, BP: 175-176 °C, Refractive index: 1.473 at 20 °C. Miscible with alcohol, insoluble in water /Limonene, inactive/
Melting point
-40 °F (USCG, 1999) · -95.5 °C
Solubility
In water, 7.57 mg/L at 25 °C · Miscible with alcohol
Density
0.842 at 69.8 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than water, will float · 0.8402 at 20.85 °C/4 °C
Colour
colourless
Melting/freezing point
-95 ℃
Initial boiling point and range
176 ℃
Flash point
48 ℃
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits
0.7 / 6.1 %
Vapour pressure
1.98 ㎜Hg
Water solubility
13.8 ㎎/ℓ(at 25℃)
Vapour density
4.7
Relative density
0.8462
n-Octanol/water partition coefficient (Kow)
4.57
Auto-ignition temperature
245 ℃(101.325kPa)
Molecular weight
136.23

Values measured on the substance itself. The KOSHA data are a reference for writing and reviewing safety data sheets, not a specification for a commercial raw material.

Source: PubChem · KOSHA safety data sheets (Korea)

What products actually use it for

What the 1,627 products reported to the US EPA with this ingredient use it for. Products outside cosmetics are included, so the top few rows are its main uses.

  • Fragrance1,596
  • Deodorizer9
  • Flavouring and nutrient8
  • Solvent4
  • Fuel2
  • Biocide2
  • No specific technical function2
  • Intermediate1
3 other uses
  • Monomers1
  • Adhesion/cohesion promoter1
  • Film former1

Source: US EPA CompTox dashboard

Irritation and sensitisation studies

11 skin studies and 2 eye studies are on record.

Classed as moderate2

The study conclusions largely agree (100%). These tests are on the raw material itself; irritation at the amount in a finished product is a different question.

See all 13 studies
  • Category 1
    Skin Sensitization · Screening
  • Category 6.3B (Category 3)
    Skin Irritation · Read Across
  • Skin Sens. 1
    Skin Sensitization · Authoritative
  • Skin Irrit. 2
    Skin Irritation · Authoritative
  • Sh
    Skin Sensitization · Authoritative
  • Skin sensitisation - category 1
    Skin Sensitization · Screening
  • Classification not possible
    Skin Irritation · Screening
  • Skin irritation - category 2
    Skin Irritation · Screening
  • Skin corrosion/irritation - Category 2
    Skin Irritation · Screening
  • Skin sensitization - Category 1B
    Skin Sensitization · Screening
  • Category 6.5B (Category 1)
    Skin Sensitization · Read Across
  • Classification not possible
    Eye Irritation · Screening
  • Category 6.4A (Category 2A)
    Eye Irritation · Read Across

Source: US EPA CompTox dashboard

Related literature

Linked databases 26

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