What is this ingredient?

미국 FDA 물질 등록 · UNII 70FD1KFU70 · 등록명 Sulfur · 단일 화학물질

Is there safety information?

전반적으로 안전한 원료임

Are there usage precautions?

항균 및 항염 작용, 각질 제거 및 피지조절, 피부 트러블 개선(항균), 피부 재생 (추천 피부타입: 모든피부타입)

All ingredients

Ingredient Dictionary

SULFUR

Q: Is there safety information?

전반적으로 안전한 원료임

Clinical evidence

Blemishes B-
Oiliness C

Set amount: 3–10% (FDA acne monograph)
When: evening
Irritation: moderate — start every other day

Grades were set by reading this ingredient’s studies. They describe the ingredient, not every product that contains it.

SULFUR Molecular structure — Molecular structure

How much products actually contain

4 products state the amountmedian 5%50% at or above the amount studies used (3–10% (FDA acne monograph))

under 0.01% 0
0.01–0.1% 1
0.1–1% 0
1% or more 3

Amounts are mostly stated by products named after the ingredient, so they may lean towards token amounts.

Of the products containing it, 15 list it before the 1% line and 15 after it (usually 1% or less).

Where no amount is stated, a product listing it early reaches the study amount about 54% of the time, one listing it late about 5%.

Clinical evidence grade by skin concern

B: one or two randomised trials
C: uncontrolled or multi-ingredient studies

2 references

FDA OTC monograph M006, acne active ingredients
Liu 2020, Cochrane review of azelaic, salicylic, nicotinamide, sulphur, zinc and fruit acids in acne, 49 RCTs / 3,880 people

Products using this ingredient

12 of 30 confirmed · likeliest to carry enough first · See all 30

Definition

US FDA substance register · UNII 70FD1KFU70 · registered name Sulfur · single chemical substance

Source: US FDA Unique Ingredient Identifier (UNII)

Cosmetic roles

Reduces sebum productionANTI-SEBUMActs on seborrheic flaking and dandruffANTI-SEBORRHEICReduces staticANTISTATICKeeps skin in good condition (CosIng catch-all)SKIN CONDITIONINGInhibits microbial growthANTIMICROBIALSoftens hairHAIR CONDITIONING

Safety & regulatory references

Argentina · Brazil

Field of application and/or use : (a) Products to fight dandruff. (b) Products to fight acne.
Maximum concentration permitted at final product : (a) 5% (b) 10%
Use conditions and warnings that must appear on the label : For external use only. If irritation occurs discontinue use and consult a doctor. Apply only to the affected area.

Taiwan

Maximum concentration : 2%

Japan

Maximum amount per 100 g (Cosmetics not used for mucosa and to be washed away) : 1.62 g
Maximum amount per 100 g (Cosmetics not used for mucosa and not to be washed away) : 1.62 g

Source: MFDS (Korea) cosmetic regulatory information

Not classified under Korea’s toxic-substance GHS list · existing chemical substance

Source: Korea toxic substances GHS register (NIER)

Other restriction: ban substances that deplete the ozone layer

Source: EU CosIng ingredient list

More data — names, identifiers, properties, test records, literature

Official labels & definitions

JCIA labelling name イオウ: 本品は、自然界に存在する元素（S)である。

Source: JCIA labelling names (Japan)

JCIA labelling name コロイド性イオウ: 本品は、イオウ（＊）とアラビアゴム（＊）の淡黄色の乾燥混合物である。

Source: JCIA labelling names (Japan)

Names & identifiers

SULFURINCI황Korean label name (MFDS standard)설퍼콜로이드Korean label name (MFDS standard)COLLOIDAL SULFURSynonymイオウJapanese labelling name

CAS No.chemical registry number: 7704-34-9
EC No.EU chemical inventory number: 231-722-6
DTXSIDUS EPA chemical ID: DTXSID9034941
DTXCIDUS EPA compound ID: DTXCID7014941

IUPAC: Sulfur
Molecular formula: S
Molecular weight: 32.06 g/mol

Measured properties

Appearance: Dry Powder, Wet Solid, Other Solid, Large Crystals, CBI, Liquid · Pale yellow crystals or powder with faint odor of rotten eggs, [CAMEO]
Odour: Pure sulfur is odorless, but traces of hydrocarbon impurity may impart an oily and/or rotten egg odor · odourless
Boiling point: 444.61 °C · 445 °C
Melting point: 95.3 °C /(Sulfur rhombic transforms to monoclinic)/, 115.21 °C /Sulfur (monoclinic)/ · Ignites in air above 261 °C, in oxygen below 260 °C, burning to the dioxide, combines readily with hydrogen, combines in the cold with fluorine, chlorine, and bromine, combines with carbon at high temperatures, reacts with silicon, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony and bismuth at their melting points, combines with nearly all metals, with lithium, sodium, potassium, copper, mercury and silver in the c
Solubility: For more Solubility (Complete) data for Sulfur, Elemental (13 total), please visit the HSDB record page. · Insoluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol, benzene, ethyl ether, soluble in carbon disulfide /Sulfur (rhombic)/
Density: 2.07 g/cu cm (Sulfur (rhombic)/, 2.00 (Sulfur (monoclinic)/ · Amber-colored crystals. The stable at ordinary temperature, density: 2.06, when heated to 94.5 °C becomes opaque owing to formation of monoclinic sulfur /alpha-Sulfur/
Stability: Preparations containing sulfur may react with metals including silver and copper, resulting in discoloration of the metal.
Viscosity: Dynamic viscosity of liquid (Pa.s): 0.17 at 120 °C, 0.008 at 140 °C, 0.0064 at 158 °C, 5.952 at 160 °C, 86.304 at 180 °C, 93.0 at 187.8 °C, 78.864 at 200 °C, 3.72 at 300 °C
Melting/freezing point: 113 ℃
Initial boiling point and range: 445 ℃
Flash point: 160 ℃((c.c.))
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: - / - %
Vapour pressure: (3.95 E-006 mmHg at 25 ℃)
Relative density: 2.07 ()
n-Octanol/water partition coefficient (Kow): 0.23 ((est.))
Auto-ignition temperature: 232 ℃
Molecular weight: 32.07

Values measured on the substance itself. The KOSHA data are a reference for writing and reviewing safety data sheets, not a specification for a commercial raw material.

Source: PubChem · KOSHA safety data sheets (Korea)

What products actually use it for

What the 208 products reported to the US EPA with this ingredient use it for. Products outside cosmetics are included, so the top few rows are its main uses.

Degradant/impurity (EPA)88
Binder14
Chemical reaction regulator13
Biocide12
Alloying element12
Processing aids not otherwise specified7
No specific technical function7
Softener and conditioner6

18 other uses

Anti-dandruff (EPA)6
Intermediate5
Soil amendments5
Pharmaceutical (EPA)5
Anti-static agent4
Catalyst4
Fuel4
Polymerization promoter3
Hardener2
Lubricating agent2
pH regulating agent2
Deodorizer1
Dispersing agent1
Leaching agent1
Bleaching agent1
Adhesion/cohesion promoter1
Elasticizer1
Stabilizing agent1

Source: US EPA CompTox dashboard

Irritation and sensitisation studies

9 skin studies and 4 eye studies are on record.

Classed as moderate1

The study conclusions largely agree (100%). These tests are on the raw material itself; irritation at the amount in a finished product is a different question.

See all 13 studies

Not likely to be sensitizing
skin sensitisation: in vivo (non-LLNA) · Screening · according to other guideline: EPA 540/9-82-025
Not classified
Skin Irritation · Screening
Classification not possible
Skin Sensitization · Screening
Severe Irritation
skin irritation: in vivo · Screening · EPA OPP 81-5 (Acute Dermal Irritation) according to OECD Guideline 404 (Acute Dermal Irritation / Corrosion) equivalent or similar to EU Method B.4 (Acute Toxicity: Dermal Irritation / Corrosion) equivalent or similar to
Not likely to be sensitizing
skin sensitisation: in vivo (non-LLNA) · Screening · according to OECD Guideline 406 (Skin Sensitisation) according to EU Method B.6 (Skin Sensitisation)
Ambiguous
skin sensitisation: in vivo (non-LLNA) · Screening · according to EU Method B.6 (Skin Sensitisation) according to OECD Guideline 406 (Skin Sensitisation)
Skin Irrit. 2
Skin Irritation · Authoritative
Skin corrosion/irritation - Category 2
Skin Irritation · Screening
Not likely to be sensitizing
skin sensitisation: in vivo (non-LLNA) · Screening · according to OECD Guideline 406 (Skin Sensitisation)
Studies Indicate No Significant Irritation
eye irritation: in vivo · Screening · OECD Guideline 405 (Acute Eye Irritation / Corrosion) according to
Studies Indicate No Significant Irritation
eye irritation: in vivo · Screening · EPA OPP 81-4 (Acute Eye Irritation) according to OECD Guideline 405 (Acute Eye Irritation / Corrosion) equivalent or similar to EU Method B.5 (Acute Toxicity: Eye Irritation / Corrosion) equivalent or similar to
Category 6.4A (Category 2A)
Eye Irritation · Read Across
Not classified
Eye Irritation · Screening