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What the ingredients say
Read from the label order, stated amounts and each ingredient’s clinical evidence
Ascorbic Acid, with clinical evidence for dark spots·lines, is in at the amount studies used (21%).
- fragrance
Best-supported ingredient per concern
- DrynessGlycerinevidence B+at least 21% · study amount
- Dark spotsAscorbic Acidevidence B+21% stated · study amount
- Skin barrierGlycerinevidence Bat least 21% · study amount
- LinesAscorbic Acidevidence B21% stated · study amount
- FirmnessAscorbic Acidevidence C21% stated · study amount
Evidence-graded ingredients and how much is in
Listed before an ingredient whose amount is known, so it holds at least 21% — at or above what studies used (3–10%).
Dryness B+ · Skin barrier B
The label states 21% — the amount studies used (10–20%).
Dark spots B+ · Lines B · Firmness C
No amount is stated. Judging by 80 products that state it at this place on the label, the chance it reaches the amount studies used is about 0%.
Lines D
Amounts on the label
- Ascorbic Acidin the name21%1% or more
Korean law requires a product to state the amount of any ingredient in its name.
How this was read
Labels list ingredients above 1% from most to least, then those at 1% or less in any order. A product filed with Korea's MFDS as functional is read as holding the notified amount of its efficacy ingredient when the label carries only one for that effect, and anything listed before an ingredient of known amount as holding at least that much. Amounts in the product name or official description are used only where the label order allows them. Where no amount is stated, the chance of reaching the study amount comes from other products that state the same ingredient at the same place on their labels. Evidence grades were set by reading each ingredient's studies.
- A
- several randomised trials or a meta-analysis
- B
- one or two randomised trials
- C
- uncontrolled or multi-ingredient studies
- D
- lab work or a record only
A reading of ingredient evidence and the label, not a guarantee that this product works.
Ingredients
Full ingredient list as published on the official product page, in descending order of content.
All 21 ingredients at a glance
Colours follow each ingredient’s use (CosIng functions); the bar counts names. Not amounts, not a safety score.
Propylene Glycol, Glycerin, Ascorbic Acid21%, Butylene Glycol, Sodium Acrylate/Sodium Acryloyldimethyl Taurate Copolymer, Aqua, Isohexadecane, Estimated 1% or less from hereParfum, Helianthus Annuus Seed OIL, Polysorbate 80, Sorbitan Olivate, Glycine Soja OIL, Bixa Orellana Seed, Tocopherol, Origanum Vulgare OIL, Chamaecyparis Obtusa OIL, Salix Alba (Willow) Bark Extract, Lactobacillus/Soybean Ferment Extract, Portulaca Oleracea Water, Cinnamomum Cassia OIL, Scutellaria Baicalensis Extract
Tap a name to see what it does and the evidence