Base Toner

Labels list ingredients above 1% from most to least, then those at 1% or less in any order. Everything after Methylparaben, which the law caps at 1% or less, is read as 1% or less. A product filed with Korea's MFDS as functional is read as holding the notified amount of its efficacy ingredient when the label carries only one for that effect, and anything listed before an ingredient of known amount as holding at least that much. Amounts in the product name or official description are used only where the label order allows them. Where no amount is stated, the chance of reaching the study amount comes from other products that state the same ingredient at the same place on their labels. Evidence grades were set by reading each ingredient's studies.

A

several randomised trials or a meta-analysis

B

one or two randomised trials

C

uncontrolled or multi-ingredient studies

D

lab work or a record only