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What the ingredients say
Read from the label order, stated amounts and each ingredient’s clinical evidence
Niacinamide, with clinical evidence for dark spots·skin barrier, is in, likely at the amount studies used.
- no fragrance
- alcohol near the top
Best-supported ingredient per concern
- Dark spotsNiacinamideevidence Blikely enough
- DrynessGlycerinevidence B+likely enough
- Skin barrierNiacinamideevidence B-likely enough
- OilinessNiacinamideevidence B-likely enough
- BlemishesNiacinamideevidence B-likely enough
- PoresNiacinamideevidence Clikely enough
Evidence-graded ingredients and how much is in
No amount is stated. Judging by 254 products that state it at this place on the label, the chance it reaches the amount studies used is about 93%.
Dark spots B · Oiliness B- · Skin barrier B- · Blemishes B- · Pores C · Lines C
No amount is stated. Judging by products that state an evidence-graded ingredient at this place on the label, the chance it reaches the amount studies used is about 68%.
Dryness B+ · Skin barrier B
No amount is stated. Judging by 26 products that state it at this place on the label, the chance it reaches the amount studies used is about 46%.
Dark spots B+ · Blemishes B- · Lines B- · Pores B-
No amount is stated. Judging by 13 products that state it at this place on the label, the chance it reaches the amount studies used is about 36%.
Lines B- · Dark spots B- · Dryness C
No amount is stated. Judging by 8 products that state it at this place on the label, the chance it reaches the amount studies used is about 9%.
Blemishes B · Dark spots B- · Pores C · Oiliness D
2 more evidence-graded ingredients
No amount is stated. Judging by products that state an evidence-graded ingredient at this place on the label, the chance it reaches the amount studies used is about 5%.
Dark spots B-
It comes after a preservative the law caps at 3.8%, so it is at most 3.8% — short of what studies used (4–10%).
Lines C · Dryness C · Pores C
How this was read
Labels list ingredients above 1% from most to least, then those at 1% or less in any order. A product filed with Korea's MFDS as functional is read as holding the notified amount of its efficacy ingredient when the label carries only one for that effect, and anything listed before an ingredient of known amount as holding at least that much. Amounts in the product name or official description are used only where the label order allows them. Where no amount is stated, the chance of reaching the study amount comes from other products that state the same ingredient at the same place on their labels. Evidence grades were set by reading each ingredient's studies.
- A
- several randomised trials or a meta-analysis
- B
- one or two randomised trials
- C
- uncontrolled or multi-ingredient studies
- D
- lab work or a record only
A reading of ingredient evidence and the label, not a guarantee that this product works.
Ingredients
Full ingredient list as published on the official product page, in descending order of content.
All 31 ingredients at a glance
Colours follow each ingredient’s use (CosIng functions); the bar counts names. Not amounts, not a safety score.
Aqua, Glycerin, Sodium Lactate, Alcohol, Propanediol, Butylene Glycol, Niacinamide, 1,2-Hexanediol, PEG-2 Hydrogenated Castor OIL, Glycolic Acid, Lactic Acid, Estimated 1% or less from hereEthylhexylglycerin, Capryloyl Glycine, Salicylic Acid, Hexylene Glycol, Disodium Edta, Glycyrrhiza Glabra (Licorice) Root Extract, Agrimonia Eupatoria Extract, Sarcosine, Camellia Sinensis Leaf, Chamaecyparis Obtusa OIL, Cinnamomum Zeylanicum Bark OIL, Silybum Marianum Powder, Perilla Frutescens Extract, Morus Alba Bark Extract, Gluconolactone, Broussonetia Kazinoki Root Extract, Propolis Cera, Cimicifuga Dahurica Root Extract, Salix Alba (Willow) Bark Extract, Oenothera Biennis (Evening Primrose) Flower Extract
Tap a name to see what it does and the evidence
How to use
Directions and cautions found on the package or public product information.
- Directions
- Remove the cap and put the dropper on. Squeeze the dropper to dispense a desired amount and spread over face.
