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What the ingredients say
Read from the label order, stated amounts and each ingredient’s clinical evidence
Tranexamic Acid, with clinical evidence for dark spots, is in, likely at the amount studies used.
- no fragrance
Best-supported ingredient per concern
- Dark spotsTranexamic Acidevidence B+likely enough
- BlemishesMandelic Acidevidence B41% chance of enough
- LinesGlycolic Acidevidence B-46% chance of enough
- PoresGlycolic Acidevidence B-46% chance of enough
- OilinessMandelic Acidevidence C41% chance of enough
- DrynessLactic Acidevidence C36% chance of enough
Evidence-graded ingredients and how much is in
No amount is stated. Judging by 33 products that state it at this place on the label, the chance it reaches the amount studies used is about 84%.
Dark spots B+
No amount is stated. Judging by 26 products that state it at this place on the label, the chance it reaches the amount studies used is about 46%.
Dark spots B+ · Blemishes B- · Lines B- · Pores B-
No amount is stated. Judging by products that state an evidence-graded ingredient at this place on the label, the chance it reaches the amount studies used is about 41%.
Blemishes B · Dark spots C · Oiliness C
No amount is stated. Judging by 13 products that state it at this place on the label, the chance it reaches the amount studies used is about 36%.
Lines B- · Dark spots B- · Dryness C
No amount is stated. Judging by 17 products that state it at this place on the label, the chance it reaches the amount studies used is about 18%.
Lines C · Dryness C
How this was read
Labels list ingredients above 1% from most to least, then those at 1% or less in any order. Everything after Sodium Benzoate, which the law caps at 1% or less, is read as 1% or less. A product filed with Korea's MFDS as functional is read as holding the notified amount of its efficacy ingredient when the label carries only one for that effect, and anything listed before an ingredient of known amount as holding at least that much. Amounts in the product name or official description are used only where the label order allows them. Where no amount is stated, the chance of reaching the study amount comes from other products that state the same ingredient at the same place on their labels. Evidence grades were set by reading each ingredient's studies.
- A
- several randomised trials or a meta-analysis
- B
- one or two randomised trials
- C
- uncontrolled or multi-ingredient studies
- D
- lab work or a record only
A reading of ingredient evidence and the label, not a guarantee that this product works.
Ingredients
Full ingredient list as published on the official product page, in descending order of content.
All 19 ingredients at a glance
Colours follow each ingredient’s use (CosIng functions); the bar counts names. Not amounts, not a safety score.
Water/Aqua/Eau, Glycolic Acid, Sodium Hydroxide, Lactic Acid, Salix Alba (Willow) Bark Extract, Argania Spinosa Extract, Azelaic Acid, Citric Acid, Tranexamic Acid, Mandelic Acid, Lactobionic Acid, Ananas Sativus (Pineapple) Fruit Extract, Lactobacillus Ferment, Pentylene Glycol, Propanediol, Phenethyl Alcohol, Tetrasodium Glutamate Diacetate, Estimated 1% or less from hereSodium Benzoate, Potassium Sorbate
Tap a name to see what it does and the evidence